Iimpawu zomatshini zetsimbi zibhekisela kwiimpawu zetsimbi phantsi kwamandla angaphandle, ngokukodwa kubandakanya ezi zikhombisi zilandelayo.
① Amandla okugqibelaσb: eyona ndawo iphezulu yoxinzelelo kwi-tensile-strain curve, iyunithi
Ngaba iMPa.
② Umlinganiselo wesivunoσs: xa uxinzelelo lwe-tensile lwempahla ludlula uluhlu lwe-elastic kunye ne-deformation yeplastiki iqala ukwenzeka Uxinzelelo.Akukho thafa lesivuno licacileyo kwigophe loxinzelelo lwe-tensile-strain yezinye izinto, oko kukuthi, isivuno sayo asinakumiselwa ngokucacileyo Amanqaku.Kule meko, kucacisiwe kubunjineli ukuba ixabiso loxinzelelo lwe-0.2% ye-deformation eseleyo yesampuli ithathwa njengomda wesivuno esinemiqathango.σI-0.2 ibonakaliswe kwi-MPa.
③ Umda wokunyamezela : ukuqhekeka kwesampulu emva kwexesha elithile kwiqondo lobushushu elinikiweyo
Uxinzelelo oluphakathi kwi-crack.Kubunjineli, idla ngokubonakaliswa yi-avareji yoxinzelelo lwexabiso lesampulu xa iqhekeza i-105h kubushushu boyilo Intwana yiMPa.
④ Umda weCreep: yenza isampuli ivelise inani elithile lexabiso loxinzelelo lokuhamba.Itheyibhile yexabiso loxinzelelo lwentsimbi kwiqondo lokushisa loyilo lwe-105h kunye nesantya se-1% siqhele ukusetyenziswa kubunjineli kwi-MPa.
⑤ Ipesenti yoLwandisoδI-8: ibonisa ukuba xa isampuli yonakaliswe kuvavanyo lwe-tensile Ipesenti yobude beplastiki.Isalathiso sokulinganisa iplastiki yentsimbi.Ubude bokuqala besampuli bukhethwa ngokubanzi njengobude obuthe ngqo besampulu
Amaxesha ama-5 okanye amaxesha angama-10 ubukhulu, ngoko ke isampuli inayo δ5kwaye δ10, kwi%.
⑥ Ukuncitshiswa kweNdawoψ: ibonisa ukuba xa isampuli yonakaliswe kuvavanyo lwe-tensile
Izinga lokuguqulwa kweplastiki ekrwada.Esinye isalathisi sokulinganisa iplastiki yezinto eziphathekayo, echazwe kwi%.
⑦ Ixabiso leMpembelelo Ak: Ngumlinganiselo wokuqina kwentsimbi kwaye umisela ukuba intsimbi inokusilela okuqinileyo Isalathisi, iyunithi: J.
⑧ Ukuqina: kubonakalisa ukuchasana kwezinto eziphathekayo kwi-deformation yeplastiki yendawo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwempahla.Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeetheyibhile zobunzima Ezibonisa iindlela, okt Brinell ubulukhuni HB, Rockwell hardness HR kunye Vickers Vickers Diamond Ukuqina HV ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa kunye noluhlu lwezicelo.Ngokwamava Kukho unxulumano oluqikelelweyo phakathi kobulukhuni kunye nokuqina kokuqina ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: intsimbi eqengqelekayo kunye nesiqhelo esisezantsi sekhabhoni.σb=0.36HB;I-Rolled kunye ne-normalized medium carbon Steel okanye i-alloy iron ephantsiσb=0.35HB;Ubunzima bungama-250 ~ 400HB, kunye nentsimbi exutywe nobushushu.σb=0.33HB.
Ngenxa yokulula kokulinganisa, ubunzima bendawo echaphazelekayo kubushushu bukwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukumisela iqondo lokuqina kwamalungu adityanisiweyo.
–本文内容摘抄自《压力管道设计及工程实例》
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-07-2023